Grass-roots political participation is an important part of China's democratic politics, and election voting is an important link of grass-roots political participation. Age, registered residence, political affiliation and education level are the significant factors that affect the grass-roots political participation. Age has an inverted U-shaped relationship with the grass-roots political participation rate, which is related to the changes in identity and attention distribution by age; the ratio of urban and rural grass-roots political participation is almost the same, thanks to the government's active livelihood measures; the political affiliation has a significant positive impact on the grass-roots political participation, in addition to political recognition, the working mechanism of party organizations also attract the attention of party members; the level of education has a significant negative impact on the grass-roots political participation, on the one hand, it stems from the scientific rationality of educational identity, and on the other hand, it stems from the diversion of attention under the mobility of the educational class. In this regard, it is necessary to further accelerate the construction of a youth political participation mechanism, accelerate the integration of urban and rural areas, strengthen the propaganda and education of the party and government, and enrich new forms of political democratic network participation.