Using CSS2019 data，this paper examines the impact of capital endowment on public service satisfaction，and discusses the mediating role of government role perception in the above relationship. The results show that economic capital in capital endowment has no significant impact on public service satisfaction，cultural capital will inhibit the improvement of public service satisfaction，and social capital will significantly affect public service satisfaction. At the same time，the publics cognition of the role of government plays a partial intermediary role in the relationship between their capital endowment and public service satisfaction. Individuals with different capital，especially social capital，have different preferences for the role of government，and indirectly affect public service satisfaction. To improve the satisfaction of public services，we should promote the transformation of public services to high-quality supply and precision，cultivate and give full play to the positive effects of social capital，guide the public to change their perception of the government role，and innovate the public service supply mechanism with the help of social groups.