The new infrastructure，as a key driving force for the digital transformation of China’s infrastructure construction system，is continuously injecting strong momentum into the high-quality development of public services. To explore the development trends of new infrastructure and public service levels，a comprehensive evaluation index system for new infrastructure and public service levels was constructed based on provincial data from 2011 to 2022. The entropy method and regression models were used for comprehensive measurement and analysis. The study found：（1）Beijing，Shanghai，and Tianjin have relatively high levels of new infrastructure，while Yunnan and Guizhou have lower levels，with significant differences in new infrastructure levels among different provinces，particularly in innovative infrastructure；（2）the new infrastructure  and  public service indicating an upward development trend for both new infrastructure and public service levels；（3）there is a significant positive correlation between new infrastructure and public service levels，and information infrastructure，integrated infrastructure，and innovative infrastructure can all enhance public service levels. Under the influence of factors such as foreign direct investment and industrial structure，new infrastructure can still effectively empower public services to develop towards high quality. Based on the research conclusions，it is recommended to improve the hardware and software of new infrastructure，optimize resource allocation，innovate public service supply models，and enhance public service levels according to local conditions to promote the high-quality development of regional public services.