With the vigorous development of the platform economy，the current social insurance system has been unable to meet the needs of the platform workers. The participation rate of social insurance is low for the platform workers，which the labor rights and interests cannot be effectively protected. The paper combines the current social insurance system structure and operation mode with the characteristics of the platform workers for supply-demand matching analysis，from the four links of project selection，insurance payment，business management and the implementation of rights and interests，systematically explores the reasons of the platform workers’ insurance participation dilemma. On the basis of comprehensively sorting out the typical experience of foreign countries，the paper puts forward relevant suggestions from three aspects of “regulation”“empowerment” and“responsibility”.