Abstract: The free trade port is an important policy content of China's adherence to the strategy of reform and opening up. It promotes China to build a higher level of open economic  development through the standard and high-level opening up policy, so as to form a more comprehensive and in-depth opening pattern. From the perspective of factor flow, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the free trade port based on the national conditions. At the same time, the flow of factors of production in free trade ports is discussed under the theoretical framework of comparative advantage and the perspective of global value chain division. Further, based on the inflow effect, spillover effect, scale effect and wealth effect of factors of production, the paper studies the mechanism of the free trade port policy on the flow of factors of production. The results show that the free trade port policy will change the factor structure through the above effects, improve the factor rate of return, and enhance China's trade competitiveness. Finally,it takes the Hong Kong free trade port as a practical case, in order to form a useful experience for the policy innovation of China's free trade port.

Key words: free trade port, factor mobility, trade competitiveness, Hong Kong free trade port