城市特征视角下长期护理保险第二批试点城市筹资与保障制度比较——基于12份政策文本的分析

秘书 ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 52-66.

城市特征视角下长期护理保险第二批试点城市筹资与保障制度比较——基于12份政策文本的分析

王俊雅

上海师范大学

出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-15
作者简介:王俊雅，上海师范大学哲学与法政学院硕士研究生。研究方向：长期护理保险政策。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金一般项目“老年人长期照护的资金筹措与机制创新研究”（17BRK008）

A Comparison of Financing and Security System in the Second Batch of Pilot Cities of Long Term Care Insurance from the Perspective of Urban Characteristics—Based on the Analysis of 12 Policy Texts

WANG Junya

Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文运用NVivo14软件对长期护理保险第二批试点城市的政策文本进行编码，构建节点矩阵，分析城市的经济、人口特征与长期护理保险筹资及保障制度之间的关系。研究发现，与人口特征相比，城市的经济特征与长期护理保险制度之间的关系更为紧密；城市经济实力越强，长期护理保险筹资对医保基金和财政资金的依赖程度越高；多数城市长期护理保险的参保对象仍以城镇职工为主，缴费压力较为集中，公平性欠佳；重点保障重度失能老人照护需求的政策倾向性明显，存在供需失衡问题。鉴于此，建议逐步降低各地筹资梯度，明确独立筹资方向；针对不同群体制定差异化政策，提高参保意愿；加强对中度、轻度失能人员及各类失智人员的关注，进一步发挥长期护理保险改善民生作用。

关键词: 长期护理保险, 筹资, 保障, 城市特征, 政策, 文本分析

Abstract:

This paper uses NVivo14 to encode the policy text of long-term care insurance in the second batch of pilot cities of long-term care insurance，constructs a node matrix，and analyzes the relationship between the economic and demographic characteristics of cities and the financing and security system arrangements of long-term care insurance. The results show that the economic characteristics of cities are more closely related to the design of long-term care insurance system than those of population；the stronger the local financial resources，the greater the dependence of financing on medical insurance funds and financial funds；the participation in long-term care insurance in most cities is still dominated by urban employees，and the payment pressure is relatively concentrated and the fairness is not good；the policy tendency to focus on ensuring the care needs of the severely disabled elderly is obvious, and there is an imbalance between supply and demand. In view of this，it is suggested to gradually reduce the financing gradient in various places，clarify the direction of independent financing，design differentiated policies according to the characteristics of different insured groups to increase the willingness to participate in insurance，and pay more attention to the moderately and mildly disabled and all kinds of dementia people，so as to give full play to the role of long-term care insurance in improving people’s livelihood.

Key words: long-term care insurance, financing, guarantee, urban characteristics, policy, text analysis

王俊雅. 城市特征视角下长期护理保险第二批试点城市筹资与保障制度比较——基于12份政策文本的分析[J]. 秘书, 2024, 42(3): 52-66.

WANG Junya. A Comparison of Financing and Security System in the Second Batch of Pilot Cities of Long Term Care Insurance from the Perspective of Urban Characteristics—Based on the Analysis of 12 Policy Texts[J]. Secretary, 2024, 42(3): 52-66.

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