关键词: 自修复, 动态共价键, 动态非共价键, 凝胶电解质, 柔性超级电容器

Abstract: Flexible supercapacitors can work stably under extreme deformation and recover their performance after damage, greatly enhancing the durability and reliability of devices, and possess broad application prospects in smart wearable electronics, flexible energy storage, human-machine interaction and other fields. However, it remains a huge challenge to simultaneously achieve excellent flexibility and efficient self-healing performance without sacrificing their electrochemical properties. Constructed via dynamically reversible covalent or non-covalent crosslinking networks, self-healing gel electrolytes contain ion transport channels and exhibit mechanical self-repair capability through reversible reconstruction after damage, which provides crucial support for the fabrication of flexible supercapacitors. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of self-healing gel electrolytes for flexible supercapacitors. It mainly summarizes the applications of gel electrolytes based on two categories of self-healing mechanisms (dynamic covalent bonds and non-covalent bonds), deeply analyzes the structure-performance relationship, and introduces the
design and practical application status of typical systems. Meanwhile, this work points out existing bottlenecks such as inadequate performance synergy, poor environmental stability and difficulties in large-scale manufacturing, and briefly prospects the research directions including mechanism innovation, performance optimization and device integration.